Muḥammad is the central figure of Islam. He is the most influential persons in the world History. he was the only man in history who was supremely successful on both the religious and secular levels. He is known as the "Holy Prophet" to Muslims, almost all of whom consider him to be the last prophet sent by God to mankind, believed by Muslims, to be the unaltered original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. He united Arabia into a single Muslim polity and ensured that his teachings, practices, and the Quran, formed the basis of Islamic religious belief.
Muhammad was born about the year 570 and his birthday is believed to be in the month of Rabi' al-awwal to Abdullah and Amina. Muhammads' father Abdullah, died almost six months before he was born. Muhammad stayed with his foster-mother, Halimah, and her husband until he was two years old. At the age of six, Muhammad lost his biological mother Amina to illness and became an orphan. he was raised under the care of his paternal uncle Abu Talib. Muhammad is said to have had thirteen wives in total. At the age of 25, Muhammad married Khadijah who was 40 years old. The marriage lasted for 25 years and was a happy one. Muhammad did not enter into marriage with another woman during this marriage. After Khadija's death, Khawla bint Hakim suggested to Muhammad that he should marry Sawda, a Muslim widow. Muhammad's marriages after the death of Khadija were contracted mostly for political or humanitarian reasons.
Periodically, he would seclude himself in a mountain cave named Hira for several nights of prayer; later, at age 40, he reported being visited by Gabriel in the cave, where he stated he received his first revelation from God. Three years later Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "surrender" to God is the only way acceptable to God, and that he was a prophet and messenger of God, similar to the other prophets in Islam.
Muhammad gained few early followers, and met hostility from some Meccan tribes. In the early days of Islam at Mecca, the new Muslims were often subjected to abuse and persecution by Meccan tribes. To escape persecution, Muhammad sent some followers to Abyssinia before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina (then known as Yathrib) in the year 622. This event, the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, also known as the Hijri Calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the tribes under the Constitution of Medina.
In December 629, after eight years of intermittent conflict with Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca. This went largely uncontested and Muhammad seized the city. In 632, a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, Muhammad died. Before his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam.
